Thermal Engineering Branch personnel are often required to perform mathematical modeling and analysis of spacecraft and spacecraft components. A variety of commercial software tools are available to perform space based thermal analysis for the verification of thermal designs. Nearly all these tools use a similar coupled, two-model approach:
A Geometric Math Model (GMM) represents geometric surfaces, including size, location, orientation, and optical coatings and is used to compute:
A Thermal Math Model (TMM) combines the GMM output Radiation Conductors (Radks or GRs) and
Celestial heat sources with:
This combined model of sources, sinks, conductors, and capacitances forms an electrical network analogy and is solved for temperatures at a nodal level as a function of time or under steady state conditions.
For Radiation Computations, the most common solution algorithm is the Monte Carlo Ray Trace
(MCRT). For Thermal Computations, the system of equations relating nodal temperature, heat, and
conductors is often represented in matrix form as [G][T]=[Q], where the solution is either
iterative or a matrix inversion approach to yield [G]-1[Q]=[T].
Maintained by Cullimore and Ring Technologies, used by NASA
Maintained by Maya Heat Transfer Technologies in collaboration with Siemens
Maintained by ITP Engines, primarily used by ESA
Maintained by SpaceDesign Corporation, used by NASA
Maintained by Airbus, primarily used by ESA for projects with Airbus support
Legacy code developed by NASA; may be used backward compatibility with past mission
models
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“We have found it of paramount importance that in order to progress we must
recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Scientific knowledge is a body
of statements of varying degrees of certainty — some most unsure, some nearly
sure, but none absolutely certain.”
—Richard Feynman